Abstract
The transformations of higher education systems during the last phase of globalization have been decisive in how they relate to the international sphere. Their functions, objectives, and structure have changed according to the new demands within a global context in which national interests have been subordinated to the new conditions of global competitiveness. This competitiveness has been regulated within the framework of new systems of classification and evaluation, as well as new mechanisms of supranational integration, and plays a crucial role in the functioning of tertiary education institutions. The projection of the expansion and consolidation of globalization makes it possible to foresee the continuous evolution of regional and international integration mechanisms and the geopolitical circumstances that will define these spaces of exchange and competition.
References
Beiser, F. C. (2014). After Hegel: German Philosophy 1840-1900. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Brada, J., Bienkowski, W., & Stanley, G. (2012). The university in the age of Globalisation. Rankings, resources and reforms. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Chun, L. (2013). China and Global capitalism. Reflections on Marxism, History and Contemporary Politics. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Davis, K., Fisher, A., Kingsbury, B., & Engle, S. (2012). Governance by indicators. Global power through Quantification and Rankings. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Farrington, D. (2005). Legislative Initiatives in the Context of the Bologna Process: A Comparative Perspective. Bucharest: UNESCO.
Field, J. (2003). Social Capital. London: Routledge.
Fukuyama, F. (1998). El fin de la Historia y el último hombre. Barcelona: Planeta.
Gareis, P., & Diller, C. (2020). Räumliche Aspekte der Studierendenmobilität. Stand der Forschung, eigene regionalstatistische Untersuchungen und die These vom „Bologna-Drain“ und möglichen Auswirkungen auf eine nachhaltige Hochschul- und Regionalentwicklung. In R. Postlep & M. Lorenz Hülz (Eds.), Hochschulen und ihr Beitrag für eine nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung (pp. pp. 260-286). Hannover: Verlag der ARL.
Hahm, S., & Kluve, J. (2019). Better with Bologna? Tertiary education reform and student outcomes. Education Economics, 27(4), 425-449.
Kooij, Y. (2015). European higher education policy and the social dimension. A comparative study of the Bologna Process. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Marini, R. M. (2015). America Latina, dependencia y globalización (C. E. Martins Ed.). Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI.
McDermott, D. (2021). Catalysing development of an ASEAN higher education space. University World News. https://www.universityworldnews.com/post-mobile.php?story=20210824155030216
Mngo, Z. (2018). A Case for Caution: Eighteen Years of Bologna and Ramifications for the United Sates. Annals of social sciences and managemente studies, 2 (2).
Njeri, K., Waiganjo, N., & Musembi, N. (2014). Adding value to knowledge or eroding the quality of education? A criticale xamination of the module ii degree programmes in kenyan public universities. In M. Kariwo, T. Gounko, & T. Musembi (Eds.), A Comparative Analysis of Higher Education Systems. Issues, Challenges and Dilemmas. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
Rhoads, R., & Torres, C. (2006). The University, State, and Market: The Political Economy of Globalization in the Americas. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
Roberts, J., & Turner, J. (2000). The sacred and the secular university. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Rodrik, D. (2011). La paradoja de la globalización. Democracia y futuro de la economía global. Barcelona: Antoni Bosch editor.
Rostan, M., & Vaira, M. (2011). Questioning excellence in Higher education: an introduction. In M. Rostan & M. Vaira (Eds.), Questioning Excellence in Higher Education. Policies, experiences and challenges in national and comparative perspective. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
SHARE. (2019). Higher Education Quality Assurance in the ASEAN Region. Retrieved from Jakarta:
Stepien, K. (2012). Analysis of Systemic Reasons for Lower Competitiveness of European Universities, the Case of Poland. In W. Bienkowski, J. Brada, & G. Stanley (Eds.), The University in the Age of Globalization. Rankings, Resources and Reforms. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Tudoriu, T. (2018). Brexit, President Trump, and the Changing Geopolitics of Eastern Europe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Wolfensberger, M. (2015). Talent development in european higher education. Honors programs in the Benelux, Nordic and German-speaking countries. Dordrecht: Springer International.
Zajda, J., & Rust, V. (2016). Globalisation and Higher education reforms: Springer.
Zhiang, W., Alon, I., & Latterman, C. (2018). China´s Belt and Road Initiative. Changing the rules of globalization. In.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2022 Luis Felipe García