Reviewing Kant's View of God's Existence and Status in Religion

Resumen

Throughout history, the main and most important subject of metaphysics, namely, God and, consequently, religion, has been at the focus of attention of philosophers and thinkers. In the philosophy of Greece and the Middle Ages, philosophical thinking began from God and led to a discussion of nature and man. But this changed in the Enlightenment era, especially in Kant's philosophy. The distinction between Kant's thinking was that he began from mankind and then began to think of God as one of the concepts of human intellect. Indeed, from the eighteenth century onwards, with the critique of pure reason and practical reason in Kant's philosophy, the concept of God, and consequently religion and religiosity, became subject to fundamental change, and this fashioned the modern approach to the concept of God and its functions. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of God and its place in religion based on Kant's reading. Because in the thought of Kant, the origin of the concept of God is not reason (pure reason) and nor is verifiable by pure reason; therefore, in the critique of practical reason, he proposes and proves the concept of God as the guarantor of ethics, and therefore the above-mentioned concepts In Kant's philosophy differ fundamentally from the conventional point of views. According to the discussed issues, the purpose of this study, which is a descriptive study, is to study Kant's view on the existence and status of God in religion. The present study also aims to explain Kant's religious thought, to explain and prove the existence of God according to pure reason, the principles of the existence of God, and according to religious commonalities.